At this time the French colonists rarely bathe, 
believing a bath would cause colic, headaches and vertigo. 
 

FRENCH HISTORY 1667-1669

FRENCH INDEX Return to Main French INDEX

DIRECTORY Return to MAIN HISTORY INDEX

The authority of the Church is greatly restricted, but they retain their tax collector position.

 

1664  

Thirty eight marriages, two hundred four births and thirty eight deaths are recorded in New France.

SOME FILLE DU ROI who arrived 1664 and entered into contract of marriage
    Marie-Madeleine Boutet, married. Gervais Bisson, , le 15 septembre, 1664 Bisson, Gervais,
    Madeline Carbonnet, married. Sédilot, (Stephan) Étienne, dit Desnoyers, said his name is Desnoyers
    Francois Charron, no marriage in 1664
    Claude De Mangeon married. Thomas Lesueur dit Lagrandeur, said his name Lagrandeur, 
    Joan Dodier, married. Adrien  (Adrian) Joliet, Sieur de Chansenaye; 2nd marriage 1672 Antoine Baillargé; 3rd marriage 1674 Mathurin Normandin dit Beausoleil, said his name is Beausoleil
    Margaret Gaillard, said her name was Duplessis, married. Francois Provost,  
    Margaret Gambier, married Michel. Legardeur dit Sanssoucy,  said his name was Sanssoucy,
    Louise Gargottin, married. Daniel Perron dit Suire, said his name is Suire; 2nd marriage 1679 Charles-Louis Alain,
    Anne Gendreau, married. René Leduc, 
    Margaret Gaillard, said her name is Duplessis, married François Provost; 2nd marriage 1671 Louis Saucier; 3rd marriage 1677, Michel  Legardeur dit Sanssoucy, said his name is Sanssoucy 
    Françoise Huché, married Guillaume Bonhomme,
    Joachine Lafleur, married Pierre Martin, 
    GenevièveLaurence, b-1643,  married. Adrien Michelon; 2nd  marriage 1681, Jean Journet dit Guespin, said his name is Guespin
    Jacqueline Lauvergnat,  married, Pierre Gaulin, Pierre; 2nd marriage 1679 Marc Bareau, 
    Jacquette Ledoux, married Jacques Grimault; 2nd marriage 1668 Marc Tessier, Marc,
    Anne Lépine, married François Boucher dit Vin d'Espagne,
    Anne Loiseau, married. Guillaume Gendron dit La Rondière, told his name is Rondiere; 2nd marriage 1688, Charles Lemoine dit Charleville, said his name is Charleville
    Marthe Ragot, married Louis Samson, 
    Jeanne Repoche, married Jérôme Bilodeau, 
    Marie Repoche, married Julien Jamin, 
    Marie-Sainte Vié dite Lamotte said her name is Lamotte, married Jean Poitras  

(I)-Pierre Artaut, Sieur de la Tour, b-1630 married 1664 Trois Rivieres, Louise Sauvagesse, b-1621

Trois Rivieres, marriage  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis  son (I)-Christophe Crevier Sieur de la Mesle and Jeanne Enard, Metis or sauvagesse b-1619; married 1664 Trois Rivieres, Louise Leloutre, b-1648

(I)-Francoise Charron a Filles du Roi arrived Quebec 1664.

Port Royal, Acadia, (III)-Anne Le Borgne b-1664 daughter (II)-Alexander La Borgne (1640-1693) and (III)-Marie La Tour b-1654; married Jacques Muis, sieur de Poubomcou.

Quebec, marriage, (I)-Genevieve Laurence, b-1643, a Filles du Roi to 1st (I)-Adrien Michelon (1644-1681): 2nd September 9, 1681 Quebect, Jean Jorunet, dit Guespin. 

Central L'Ange Gardien had the following settlers from 1664 to 1680 and appears to have been Church controlled Seigniorial land during this period.  The settlers from west to east are:

    (I)-Jean Clement alias Lapointe (b-1626) married Madeline Surget (b-1638) farming 2 arpent,
    (I)-Pierre Boivin (b-1646) married 1664 Etienne Fafard (b-1652) farming 2 arpent,
    (I)-Nicholas Quentin alias La Fontaine (b-1633) married 1660 Madeline Roulois (b-1646) farming 4, arpent, north of Nicholas; 8 arpent was farmed by de Louis Couillart de Lespinay,
    Joseph Guion farming 5 arpent,  Francois Herbert alias Le Comte de Roussy farmed 3 arpent,
    (II)-Charles Letartre (b-1657) married Marie Maheu born 1663 and also living here (I)-Mathurin Huot (b-1646) married 1671 Marie Letartre (b-1653) farming 2 arpent,
    (II)-Rene Letartre (b-1627) married 1652 Louise Goulet (b-1626) farming 2 arpent,
    (II)-Nicholas Roussin married Madeleine Pardis (b-1653) farming 1.7 arpent, which also included the first chapel,
        North of Herbert, Letartre's and Roussin; 8.7 arpent farmed by de Guillaume Couillart Des Chesnes,
    (I)-Daniel Perron alias Suire married 1664 Louise Gargottine and his heirs farming 3 arpent,
    Pierre Genfreau alias La Poussiere and his heirs farming 3 arpent and this property included the second church site,
    (I)-Jacques Goulet (b-1615) married Marguerite Maillier (b-1631) farming 3, arpent,
    (I)-Robert de Laberge (b-1638) married 1663 Francoise Gausse (b-1634) farming 3 arpent,
    North of Perron, Gendreau, Goulet and Laberge; 12 arpent farmed by (I)-D'Olivier Le Tardif married 1637 (II)-Louis
       Couillart (b-1625),
    Dennis Guion farming 3.5 arpent,
    Charles Godin farming 2.5 arpent,
    North of Guion, Godin; (II)-Guillemette Herbert (b-1608) (E'P G. Couillart, died 1663),
    (II)-Nicholas Roussin married 1668 Madeleine Pardis (b-1653) farming 3 arpent,
    (I)-Jean Roussin married Madeline Gigueres and second marriage 1655 Marie Lessard farming 2 arpent,
    North of Roussin's; Francois Bissot married (II)-Marie Couillart (b-1633) (E'P Francois Bissot) second marriage
       Marie 1675 Jacques de Lalande,
    Guillaume Paget farming 2 arpent,
    (I)-Jean Mathieu (b-1637) married 1669 Anne Dutertre (b-1654) farming 4 arpent.

At this time the colonists rarely bathe, believing a bath would cause colic, headaches and vertigo.  This European tradition usually resulted in a May bath with June weddings before they started to smell too bad.  The brides carried a bouquet of flowers to hid the body odor.  Both male and female wore sachets of dried flowers for the same purpose.  The natives bathed fairly often and couldn't understand this strange practice of the French.  Some said you could smell an European before you could see him.  The savages had another custom to washing themselves before a meal, with the notion that, if they failed to do so, they would transgress rules absolutely necessary for obtaining success in hunting.  

The French court was told most of the Quebec population were mainly unmarried males, many of whom interbred freely with the savages, wasting their seed among the pagans, instead of increasing the strength of the colony.  Most of these Metis offspring are absorbed into the Indian population and are not recorded in the French records.  This situation led to the filles du roi program of sending orphan girls, daughters of debtors, streetwalkers and runaway wives to New France.  Only fifteen out of the first 150 could not find husbands and ended up in domestic service.

The first history of Canada, 'Historia canadensis' was published this year in Paris, France.

Maryland passed the "black code" which declared that any Negro in the colony was a slave for life by virtue of his color.  This conflicted with Church doctrine that stated only pagans could be enslaved and must be released when baptized.

The Jesuit Bishop, Father (I)- Francois Xavier de Laval Montmorency (1623-1708), established tithe to the church of Canada at 1/20 of the labor of men (cultivation of the soil), but the fur trade is naturally excluded.

The New France Colony begs France to send an army to deal with the Iroquois who now control the St. Lawrence River system.  The King agrees that the Iroquois must be exterminated.

The denier tournois along with the copper double liard, the denier was one of the predominant coins in circulation in New France up to the 1660's.  The denier, although rated at 1 denier in France, circulated as a 2 denier piece in New France.  The merchants saw a chance for a quick profit and imported these coins in large quantities.  This resulted in an over supply prompting the government of Quebec to ban the denier altogether in 1664.  The Order of the Sovereign Council which demonetized the denier allowed the double tournois to remain in circulation but reduced its value to 1 denier to curb its excessive importation.  It had formally circulated at 4 deniers in New France.  The liard had circulated as a 6 deniar coin and this was devalued to a 2 denier coin to discourage its excessive importation. 

Parish of Beauport aka La Native de Notre Dame de Beauport is established this year

Parish of Cap de la Madeleine aka Ste. Marie Madeleine du Cal de la Madeleine is established this year

January 22: Quebec, marriage (I)-Jeanne Dodier a Filles du Roi to 1st (I)-Adrien Jolet sieur de Chansenaye: 2nd 1672 Antoine Baillarge

February:  A Savage named Robert Hachel ravished a young woman whom he met on the road, due to drunkenness.

February 4: Quebec, marriage (I)-Jeanne Repoche, b-1646, a Filles du Roi to (I)-Jerome Bilodeau, b-1638 

February 11: Quebec, marriage (I)-Joachine La Fleur, a Filles du Roi, to (I)-Pierre Martin, d-1711

February 26: Chateau Richer, marriage (I)-Louise Gargottin, a Filles du Roi to 1st. (I)-Daniel Perron dit Suire: 2nd January 7, 1679, L'Ange Gardien, Charles Louis Alain:

February 26: Quebec, marriage (I)-Marthe Ragot (Ragu), (1632-1693), a Filles du Roi to (I)-Louis Sampson (1638-1724) 

March:  The English by order of James Promptly under command of Richard Nicolls sent an army, to reduce the Dutch Colony to obedience.  Thus ended the Dutch influence by the capture of New Amsterdam (New York).  

March 12:   King Charles II granted the territory between the St. Croix River and the Kennebec River to James, Duke of York.

April 21: Chateau Richer, marriage (I)-Jacqueline Lauvergnat, b-1637, a Filles du Roi to 1st Pierre Gaulin (1630-1677; 2nd epouse  Marc Bareau

April 21: Quebec, marriage (I)-Anne Lepine, b-1637, a Filles du Roi to (I)-Francois Boucher dit Vin d'Espagne, b-1637 

May 17:  Quebec, birth (II)-Louise Soumande, Metis, died November 28, 1708, Quebec,  daughter (I)-Pierre Soumande (1619-1689) and (II)-Simone Cote, Metis, b-1637 

May 28:  The Company of The West Indies, organized by Jean Baptiste Colbert (1619-1683), is created this date to exploit the resources of the French Colonial possessions.  These include Acadia, Newfoundland, the mainland from north of Canada to Virginia and Florida, as far and as deep as they could extend to the interior.  Besides full seigniory and proprietorship is included a monopoly on the fur trade.  

June:  Thirty six (36) girls (Filles du Roi) arrived in Quebec and were distributed between Quebec, Trois Rivers and Ville-Marie (Montreal).  It is noteworthy that by month end, only three remained unmarried and one was seized by the Iroquois and taken captive. 

June 1:  Trois Rivieres, marriage (II)-Jean Masse Fafart, b-1657, died December 21, 1756, Detroit son (I)-Francois (1630-1711) and Marie Richard (1636-1696): married to (II)-Marguerite Couc (Couck), Metis daughter (I)-Pierre Coug dit Lafleur, b-1624 and  Marie Mite8ameg8k8e Algonquine, sauvagesse, b-1631, died August 6, 1665 Trois Rivieres

June 5:  Trois Rivers, Quebec, baptism, (III)-Marguerite Couc alias Couck, dit Lafleur, Metis, birth June 1, 1664, daughter (II)-Pierre Couc dit Lafleur (1624-1690) and Marie Mite8ameg8k8e (Miteouamigoukoue), an Algonquine, sauvagesse, (1631-1699); 1st married 1690 d'en Haut, likely Detroit?, (II)-Jean Fafard dit Jean Fafart dit Maconce or Macons, b-1657, died December 21, 1756, Fort Detroit, he was a voyageur and interpreter; 2nd marriage 1705 Detroit, Michel Masse..

June 7: Trois Riviers, birth (II)-Maurice Menard, son (I)-Jacques Menard dit Lafontaine, b-1629 and Catherine Fortier, b-1637: married 1692 St. Ignace, Michillimakinac, married (II)-Madeleine Couc, Metis,  born 1669 daughter (I)-Pierre Couc dit Lafleur b-1624 and Marie Mite8ameg8k8e, Algonquine, (1631-1699);

July 21: Quebec, marriage (I)-Anne Loiseau, b-1636, a Filles du Roi to 1st Guillaume Gendrn (1630-1687): 2nd epouse August 2, 1688, Montreal, Charles Lemoine dit Charlesville.

July 26: Quebec, marriage (I)-Marguerite Gaillard dite Duplessis, a Filles du Roi to 1st. Francois Provost (Prevost): 2nd January 12, 1671 to Louis Saucier: 3rd November 1677 to Michel Legardeau die Sanssoucy

July 26: Quebec, marriage (I)-Marguerite Gambier, b-1641, a Filles du Roi to (I)-Michel Nicolas Legardeau dit Sanssoucy, b-1636  

July 26:   The Sovereign Council of New France fixed the prices of commodities and stipulated that price tags be attached to goods.  The cost of passage from Quebec to France is fixed at 33 livres, and the shipment of beaver skins to France at 10 livres per hundredweight. 

August 15; Quebec, birth (II)-Marie Madeleine Vachon, Metis, died September 26, 1715 Beauport, daughter (I)-Paul Vachon (1630-1703) and (II)-Marguerite Langlois, Metis (1639-1697); married November 26, 1681, Beauport, Raphael Giroux

August 27: Quebec, marriage (I)-Marie Sainte Vie dite Lamotte, b-1650, a Filles du Roi to (I)-Jean Poitras, b-1639

September 8:  Fort Orange was captured by Richard Nicolls and renamed Fort Albany.  Richard Nicolls became governor and named New Amsterdam as New York

September 11:  Montreal, birth (III)-Jean Martin Metis son  (II)-Charles Martin Metis b-1648 and Catherine Dupuy (1644-1682); 2nd marriage October 6, 1683 Boucherville Marie Attanville b-1645, veuve Jean Fauconnier. 

September 16: Quebec, marriage (I)-Marie Repoche, b-1636, a Filles du Roi to (I)-Julien Jamin (Jamein), (1634-1704) 

October 4:  Quebec birth (II)-Daniel Joseph Amiot (Amyot) Villeneuve son (I)-Mathieu Aymot Villeneuve (1628-1688) and Marie Miville (1632-1702); 1st marriage Marie Kape8apnok8e (Outaouaise) Indian; 2nd marriage 1719 Michillmachic Domitilade dit Neveu. 

October 18:   (I)-Louis Garnaud assisted at the L'Ange Gardien's first mass at the home of Jean Trudel on October 18, 1664.  The celebrant is Father Louis Ango Des Maizerets who arrived at Fort Quebec on September 15, 1663.  The following year, the residents built a small chapel on the property of Nicholas Roussin.

October 28: Quebec, marriage (I)-Anne Gendreau (Gentreau), b-1643, a Filles du Roi, to (I)-Rene Le Duc, b-1639

October 29: Trois Rivieres, birth (II)-Etienne Volant de St. Claude, Metis, son (I)-Claude Volant de St. Claude, b-1636 and (II)-Francoise Radisson, Metis. b-1636: married December 9, 1693 Sorel, Genevieve Le Tendre..

October 30: Quebec, marriage (I)-Francoise Huche, (1644-1699), a Filles du Roi, to (II)-Guillaume Bonhomme, d-1710

November 5, Chateau Richer, birth (II)-Marie Cordeau, Metis daughter (I)-Jean Cordeau dit Desloriers b-1636 and Catherine Latour dit Simonet Metis (1638-1678)

November 23: Kebec, marriage (I)-Claude De Mangeon, b-1644, a Filles du Roi, to (I)-Thomas Lesueur dit Lagrandeur

1665  

Seventy four marriages, one hundred seventy eight births and fifty four deaths are recorded in New France.  The first triplets were born in Ville-Marie (Montreal).

SOME FILLE DU ROI who arrived 1665 and entered into contract of marriage

    Margaret Abraham,  married Joseph-Ozanie Nadeau dit Lavigne; says his name is Lavigne' 2rd marriage 1678 Guillaume Chartier, Guillaume; 
    Anne Bardet, married Jean Paulin,
    Catherine Barré, married Mathurin Chaillé, Mathurin, 
    Mary Beauregard, married Sébastien Langelier; 2nd marriage 1682 Étienne Gélinas (Stephen)  
    Anne Bellesoeur, said her name was Lucas, married Nicolas Massard, Nicolas; 2nd marriage 1686 Jean (John) Lambert; 3rd marriage 1688, Jean-François Chevaudier, dit Lépine, said his name was Lepine 
    Joan Benard, married Pierre (Peter) Gadois, 
    Marie-Anne Blain, married Pierre Gervais, 
    Joan Bouchard, married Martin Foisy, 
    Madeleine Boucher, married  François Blanchard, François, dit Belleville, said his name was Belleville,
    Jeanne  Bourgeois,  married  André (Andrew Coudray; 2nd marriage 1708 Pierre Glaumont dit Beauregard, said his name was Beauregard,
    Anne Brandon, married Pierre Dagenais, Pierre, dit Lépine, said his name was Lepine
    Anne Brunet, married Pierre (Peter) Coirier, 
    Marie Charrier, married Jacques Renaud, 
    Denise Cherfault, married Thomas Grandry dit Faverolle, said his name was Faverolles,
    Marie Chevreau, b-1652, married Jean Rabouin
    Claude De Chevrainville, said her name was Lafontaine, married August 12, 1665, Quebec (I)-Henri Brault, b-1640
    Perrine Coirier, married Clement Guérin, 
    Marie-Catherine Cottin, called herself D'Arras (a illegitimate child, Jeanne b-1665), married Pierre Brunet; 2nd marriage 1685 Pierre Mandin, 
    Francois Cousin, Frances, married Charles Gaudreau, 
    Anne Couture, married Jean Moreau dit Lagrange, said his name was Lagrange
    Anne Couture, b-1641, married Jean Moreau dit Lagrange
    Denise Damane, married Rene Houray dit Grandmont, said his name was Grandmont,
    Gabrielle Danneville, married Louis Blanchard; 2nd marriage 1684 Mathieu De Lagrange, Mathieu; 3rd marriage 1712  Hilaire Bernard, Sieur de La Rivière, 
    Marie Debure, b-1644, married Jean Bernard dit Hinse
    Mary Debure, married Gilles Enard; 2nd marriage 1666 Jean Bernard dit Anse, said his name was Anse, 
    Adrienne Delastre, married Pierre (Peter) Mortrel, 
    Frances Desjardins, married Nicolas Droissy, 
    Isabella Dubreuil, married Bernard Faure, 
    Anne-Julienne Dumont, married Rene Dubois dit Brisebois, said his name was Brisebois
    Catherine Durand, married Pierre Piché dit Lamusette, said his name was Lamusette,
    Antoinette Eloy, married Mathurin Masta, 
    Marie-Therese Galien,  married Laurent Gouin: 2nd marriage, Louis Gilbert, 
    Anne Girard, married Nicolas Dodelin, 
    Marie-Anne Guédon, married Gabriel Benoist; 2nd marriage Martin Marais dit Labarre, said his name was Labarre,
    Madeleine Guerin,  married Jean Julien,; 2nd marriage 1673 Pierre Boivin, 
    Bonne Guerrier, married Jacques Fauque; 2nd marriage 1674 Charles. Marchand, 
    Catherine Guyard, married Antoine Beaudry dit L'épinette,
    Jacqueline Héron, (must be savage), married Jacques Galarneau; 2nd marriage 1706 Jean Picard, Jean, 
    Marguerite Hiardin, married Nicolas Vérieul, Nicolas dit Labécasse,
    Marie Lanfillé, married Pierre Roche
    Marie Langlois, married Jacques Gladu, Jacques  dit Cognac
    Marie-Anne Laporte, married François Genaple Sieur de Bellefonds; 2nd marriage 1711 Rene Hubert, 
    Marguerite Laverdure, married Maurice Crépeau,
    Marie Lebon de Champfleury, marriedFrancois Bidard, 
    Marguerite Leclerc, married Julien Beloy dit Servigny
    Suzanne Lecomte,  married Francois Arsenault, 
    Louise Lecoutre, b-1648, married Nicolas Crevier, Louise had no point of birth recorded.
    Marie Lemoine, married Jacques Duhault, Jacques dit Paris,
    Marguerite Leroux, (arrivé 1665) not married 1665
    Marie Lespérance, married Benoît Ponsart,
    Anne Magnan, married Jean Gauvin,
    Marie Magnier, married Michel Chartier, Michel; 2nd marriage 1673 Louis Jinchereau, 
    Jeanne De Mérinne, (arrived 1665) not married this year
    Marie Mesuré, marriage Michel Montambault dit Léveillé
    Antoinette Meunier, married Jacques Aubert, 
    Marie Meunier, married Charles Bonin, 
    Marie Meunier, married Michel Chrétien, 
    Marie Montminy, (Mont Meeny) (enfant illégitime, Julienne, 1665), married 1666 Noel Rose; 2nd marriage 1687 Francois Dumas, 
    Marie Morin, married Étienne Dauphin; 2nd marriage 1694, Pierre Chaignon, 
    Catherine Normand, married Pierre Normand dit Labrière, it would appear Catherine takes the name of husband?
    Anne Pelletier dite Passavant, married Pierre Papin, 
    Marguerite Pelois, married Jacques Boivin dit Panse; Panse=Slave, likely a savage marriage
    Francoise Pilois, b-1639, married Antoine Casse dit Lacasse 
    Catherine Pillat, married Pierre Charron dit Ducharme; 2nd marriage 1709 Sébastien Brisson dit Laroche
    Françoise Pilois, married Antoine Cassé
    Marthe Pointel,  married Abel Benoît dit Laforest
    Marie-Anne Poussin, Married Jean Larchevêque
    Claude Prat, married Nicolas Giard dit St-Martin
    Marthe Quitel, married Barthélemy Verreau dit La Bourguignon
    Florimonde Rableau, married Pierre Chamard,
    Marie-Catherine Renouard, married Nicolas Durand; 2nd marriage 1702, Francois Ducarreau, 
    Élisabeth Roy, married Pierre Paillereau, 
    Marguerite Roy,  married Hilaire Chardonneau, 
    Jeanne Servignan, married Jean Ronceray dit LeBreton,
    Nicole Souillard, married Louis Gaboury dit Lemajor
    Perrette Vallée, married Jean Bourassa
    Marie Vaublin, married Pierre Cochereau, 
It becomes clear that some savages sent to France to be educated were returned under the Fille du Roi program.  This gave them the opportunity to adopt a French name and birth place.

Trois Rivieres, birth (II)-Jean Artaut, Metis son (I)-Pierre Artaut, Sieur de la Tour, b-1630 married 1664 Trois Rivieres, Louise Sauvagesse, b-1621

(I)-Medard Chouart Sieur Des Groseilliers (1618-1695/98) and his brother-in-law (II)-Pierre Esprit Chouart dit Radisson, Metis (1636-1710) take their plan to England to go to the Sea of the North (Hudson Bay) to harvest furs.

Trois Rivieres, birth (III)-Marie Barbe Crevier, Metis daughter  (II)-Nicolas Crevier dit Bellerive Metis and Louise Leloutre, b-1648

(I)-Jeanne De Merinne a Filles du Roi arrived Quebec 1665

illégitime, Julienne Montminy (Mont Meeny) daughter Marie Montminy, (Mont Meeny) who married 1666 Noel Rose

Port Royal, Acadia, (III)-Marguerite Le Borgne b-1665 daughter (II)-Alexander La Borgne (1640-1693) and (III)-Marie La Tour b-1654; married Abraham Muis.

(III)-Jeanne de Saint Etienne de La Tour, Metis, daughter (II)-Charles (Turgis) de Saint-Etienne de La Tour (1595-1665), married 1625, Acadia, a Mi'Kmaw; married 1665 Pentagouet, Acadia d'Apprendestiguy de Martignon.

(I)- Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint Castin born June 19, 1665 d-1707 arrived Acadia June 30, 1665 with Carrignan Salieres Regiment; married 1670 Acadia to three daughters Chief Madokawando Abenaquis (1630-1696).  He spent a few Months (Weeks) among the Micmac and Etchemins and obviously like what encountered.  The native girls were very liberal with sex.   Jean was a known young philander before later settling down about 1684 or 1685. He arrived with his man servant Renaud de Bordenave.   He returned back to France but returned to Penobscot River, Acadia in 1670

The Jesuits claim that hitherto Canada has been regarded simply as Canada.

A census at the mission of the Mountain of Ville-Marie (Montreal) listed five hundred and twenty five people.  The total French population of New France is 3,215.  Quebec, at this time only had seventy private houses.

The New France Governor Augustin de Saffray de Mezy, d-1665 is on bad terms with the Jesuits.   

Alexandre de Proville, Marquis de Tracy, d-1670, is temporary Governor of New France.

Groseilliers and Radisson, the Coureurs des Bois, after being rejected by France, New France and New England, find themselves meeting with the king of England.  This encounter will lead to the formation of the Hudson Bay Company and the loss of America to the English.

Fort Saint Louis aka Fort Chambly is built on the Richelieu River (near Chambly, Quebec).  It was replaced by a stone fort in 1709.

The soldiers, 350 in all, are ordered to build a fort at Lake Champlain to cut the route of the Iroquois.  They, however, have no carpenters or skilled trades people to assist them.  The were given very few tools.  Many of the men are sickly, barefoot and without proper clothing and have too few cooking pots.

Fort Saint Louis, later renamed Fort Chambly, is built by the Carignan Salieres Regiment on the Richelieu River near Chambly, Quebec, in burned down in 1702.

This year the Dutch attacked St. John's, Newfoundland.

About 100 canoes of Outaouax (Ojibwa) arrived from Lake Superior at Three Rivers to trade their furs.  A Frenchman who traveled with them reported they had 100,000 fighting men.  They had more than 100 villages.  He is likely referring to the whole region from the Iroquois in the east to the Nadouessioux (Dakota) to the west, south to the Illinois and north to the Bay of the north.  These Nations visit to trade with the Ojibwa of Lake Superior at both Sault Ste Marie and La Pointe.

Parish of Cap St Ignacet aka St. Ignace du Cap St. Ignace is established this year

February 1: Cap St. Ignace, birth (III)-Jean Cote, Metis, died November 3, 1687 son (II)-Louis Cote d-1669 and (II)-Elizabeth Langlois, Metis  b-1645: married January 8, 1691 Cap St. Ignace, Genevieve Bernier..

March 19: Quebec, birth (II)-Jean Fournier, Metis daughter (I)-Guillaume Fournier, (1619-1699) and (III)-Francoise Hebert, Metis b-1637: married 1687, Quebec, Marie LeRoy.

March 22:  Sillery, birth  (III)-Joseph Pelletier Metis son (II)-Francois Pelletier (1635-1688) Metis, and (II)-Marguerite Madeleine Morisseau.

March 23:   The French King divided the responsibilities of New France between the Intendant and the Governor.  The new Governor is (I)-Daniel de Remy, Sieur de Courcelle (1665-1672/98).  The Royal Governors term is September 12, 1665 to September 12, 1672.  They say he arrived 'breathing nothing but war', determined to destroy the Iroquois.  He quarreled frequently with (I)-Jean Talon, Intendant.  The Intendant handles civil matters and the Governor handles military affairs. 

March 23:  (I)-Jean Talon (1625-1694) is appointed Intendant to New France (September 23, 1665-October 22, 1668) and the new Viceroy de Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, d-1670, arrives in Fort Quebec.  Intendant (I)-Jean Talon (1625-1694) issued a decree that forbade all bachelors to leave the colony for hunting, fishing or furs until all the 'filles du Roi' from France were married.  It is noteworthy that Talon never married himself, yet orders others to marry.    About 150 'filles du Roi' arrive each year.  The French Minister of Marine, Jean Baptiste Colbert, established the King's dowry to encourage migration to New France.

April 13: Quebec, birth (III)-Marie Miville. Metis, daughter, (II)-Francois Miville and (II)-Marie Langlois, Metis (1636-1687; married November 12, 1684 Michel Gosselin.

April 28:  Quebec, birth (III)-Genevieve Pinguet, Metis, died December 23, 1702, Quebec, daughter (II)-Pierre Pinguet dit La Glardiere (1630-1704) and (II)-Anne Chevalier, Metis; married January 19, 1682, Quebec (I)-Pierre Gatien. 

May 6:   Jacques Leneuf de La Potherie (1606-1685), the Governor of Trois Rivieres, acted as interim Governor of New France from May 6, 1665 to September 12, 1665.

May 10: Quebec, birth Guillaume Chevalier, Metis, son Rene Chevalier (1626-1679) and (II)-Jeanne Langlois, Metis b-1643, Quebec: married February 3, 1689, Beauport, Jeanne Gauthier.

June 3:  Quebec, birth (II)-Therese Prevost, Metis, died May 20, 1743, Beauport, daughter (I)-Martin Prevost, (1611-1691) and Marie Oliver Sylvestre, Sauvagesse, (1626-1665): married August 18, 1683, Beauport, Michel Giroux. 

June 17 & 19:  Two ships arrived Kebek (Quebec) from La Rochelle, France with four Companies of the Carignan Salieres Regiment.  All the soldiers arrived in good health.

June 30:   Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, d-1670, arrived in Quebec with the Carignan Salieres Regiment, with 100 French officers arriving in 4 ships which included 1,000 to 1,100 of Frances best.  These French veterans of wars with the Turks were shipped by Marquis de Troy to put down the Iroquois rebels.  Their commander is Heri de Chastelard de Salieres.  The Jesuits told the soldiers that this was a holy war against the Iroquois.  The soldiers, however, are poorly equipped for service in Canada.  The regiment built the following forts this year:  Fort Sorel on the site of Fort Richelieu; Fort Saint Louis on the Richelieu River directly east of Ville-Marie (Montreal); Fort Sainte Therese on the Richelieu River; Fort Sainte Anne at the north end of Lake Champlain; and Fort Saint Jean on the Richelieu River.  A road was built between Ville-Marie (Montreal) and Chambly.

July 1:  illegitimate birth Jeanne Cottin, baptized May 21, 1666 at Chateau-Richer daughter Marie Cathherine Cotton, , called herself  D'Arras b-1651 a Filles du Roi (a Kings Daughter) and unknown father, Marie married January 1, 1666, Quebec, Pierre Brunet; marriage June 30, 1683 Trois-Rivieres, (I)-Jacques Godfroy b-1653.  

July 16:  Twelve horses from Havre, France arrived and the Savages called them the moose of France.  The ship also brought 8 girls and others.

July 16:    King Louise XIV of France shipped 21 mares and 2 stallions from the Royal stables to New France.  This is the source of the Quebec hardy black horses, later called the French Canadian or Canadian breed, still prized by many Quebec farmers.  Others suggest only twelve horses are brought to Quebec at this time, the first since Montmagny time.  The shipment of 2 stallions and 20 mares to the colony and 8 of the mares having perished on the journey.

August 6:  About 400 Outawak (Ottawa) arrived with furs to trade at Kebec (Quebec).  

August 6:  Trois Rivieres, death, (II)-Pierre Couc, Metis son (I)-Pierre Coug dit Lafleur, b-1624 and  Marie Mite8ameg8k8e Algonquine, sauvagesse, b-1631, died August 6, 1665 Trois Rivieres

August 7:  Father (I)-Claude Jean Allouez (1613-1689) returned with the Outawak, and then set out for Lac Tracy (Lake Superior) region.  He followed the trail of trader Jean Nicolet to Green Bay.

August 11: Quebec, marriage (I)-Madeleine Carbonnet, (1642-1711), a Filles du Roi, to (II)-Etienne Sedilot dit Desnoyers, d-1688

August 18-19:  Two more vessels arrived with 4 more companies of soldiers including Monsieur de Salieres, colonel of the regiment.

September 12:   Eight more companies of soldiers arrived from France.  Monsieur de Courcelles, lieutenant general arrived this contingent.   At the same time, ships came filled with over four hundred settlers, mechanics and girls of marriageable age to provide wives for those who lacked them.  The officers of the Carignan Salieres Regiment had the first choice of the filles du roi (Kings Girls).  Ships also contained livestock and all manner of supplies.  The final ships arrived in September, being one hundred and seventeen days at sea.  Twenty men died as soon as they set foot on shore.  One hundred fell so ill they were in hospital.  In all, more than two thousand people arrived this summer.

September 19:  Chateau Richer, birth (III)-Pierre Paul Cloutier, Metis, died September 25, 1665, Chateau Richer, son (II)-Jean Cloutier, (1621-1690) and (II)-Marie Martin, Metis, (1635-1699);

September 23:   (I)-Jean Talon (1625-1694) was Intendant of New France from September 12, 1665 to 1668.  His official title said he was Intendant of justice, police, and finance "in Canada, Acadia, and Newfoundland."  He is to assist at the Councils of War and, in the absence of the Governor General and the Governor, will preside over the Sovereign Council.  The Jesuits have interfered with temporal authority in the past, and Talon is commanded to ensure the Jesuit stay to Episcopal functions and to maintain a just balance between the two authorities without disclosing his motives.  Intendant (I)-Jean Talon (1625-1694), Viceroy de Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, d-1670, and Governor Sieur de Courcelle (1665-1672) came to agreement with the Jesuit Bishop, Father (I)- Francois Xavier de Laval Montmorency, (1623-1708) that church tithe shall be 1/26 on grains only and payable to the parish priest.  This formally established all parish priests as tax collectors.

September 25: Quebec, marriage (I)-Marie Madeleine Boutet (1644-1703), a Filles du Roi, to (I)-(II)-Rene Gervis Bisson, b-1637

September 28:   (II)-Francois Garnaud is born on September 28, 1665 at L'Ange Gardien son (I)-Louis Garnaud and (I)-Marie Mazoue.  His baptism is at Chateau Richer, as there is no church at L'Ange Gardien at this time.  It is noteworthy that early settlers to New France excluded Jews and Protestants.  If there was any doubt as to religion, the Bishop of Quebec had to reiterate their baptismal and communion vows. 

September 29:   (II)-Germain Morin (1642-1702) is ordained a priest; the first Canadian born.

October 2:  A ship arrived from Normandy, France with 82 girls and women.  Fifty of the girls were from charitable institutions in Paris.  The ship also brought 130 laboring men.

October 4:  Quebec birth (II)-Daniel Joseph Amiot (Amyot) Villeneuve son (I)-Mathieu Aymot Villeneuve (1628-1688) and Marie Miville (1632-1702); 1st marriage September 2, 1709, Montreal, Marie Kape8apnok8e (Kapiouaphokoue) (Outaouaise) Indian b-1665; 2nd marriage 1719 Michillmachic Domitilade dit Neveu. 

October 5: Quebec, birth (III)-Daniel Joseph Amiot (Amyot) Villeneuve died December 19, 1688 son (II)-Mathieu dit Villeneuve Amyot and Marie Miville; married Marie Kape8apnok8e (Outaouaise).

October 12: Quebec, marriage (I)-Francoise Desjardins, a Filles du Roi to Nicolas Droissy.

October 15:  Quebec, marriage (I)-Jacques Galarneau b-1642 to (I)-Jacqueline Heron b-1645, France, epouse May 9, 1706 Ville-Marie (Montreal), Jean Picard.  Tanguay suggests Heron = Huron but Johan suggests Heron was a family name in France and that she was born in France.

October 19: Chateau Richer, marriage (II)-Jean Langlois dit Boisverdun, Metis (1641-1687) son (I)-Noel Langlois (1606-1634) and Francoice Grenier (Garnier) d-1665, sauvagesse; married (II)-Francoise Charlotte Belanger, epouse 1695 Thomas Rousseau..

October 19: Montreal, marriage (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) to Catherine Pilliar, ou Pilet-Pillard, b-1651?, a Filles du Roi, and Metis or Indian, baptized March 30, 1646, La Rochelle, France.  The mother's name was not recorded on this document.  DNA analysis 'suggests' she is either Indian or Metis from New France.  She is likely one of the many Indian girls sent to France for education and returned under the Filles du Roi program for marriawge to New France settlers.

October 26: Quebec, marriage (I)-Jeanne Bouchard, b-1644, a Filles du Roi, to (I)-Martin Foisy, b-1689: epouse June 1689, Rene Dumas

December 13:   A peace treaty with the Iroquois is made in Quebec.

1666  

France made a decision not to send more colonists to New France.  They thought it "would not be prudent to depopulate its kingdom to populate Canada".

SOME FILLE DU ROI who arrived 1666 and entered into contract of marriage
    Joan Barbereau, married. Jean Arrivé, who arrived, Jean, 1666
    Marie-Jeanne Beaujean, married Pierre Juin, 
    Joan Bilodeau, married Pierre Couillard, 
    Margaret Cardillon, married Claude Desjardins dit Charbonnier, said his name was Charbonnier
    Louise Chiasson, married Jacques Chapelain (Chaplain)
    Perrine Coirier, married Clément Guérin
    Marie Charlotte de Coppequesne b-1636 married Jean Gateau
    Marie-Catherine Cottin, called herself D'Arras b-1651 (illegitimate child, Jeanne n. 1665), married Pierre Brunet b-1642; 2nd marriage 1685, Pierre Mandin
    Mary Debure, arrived 1665 married 1665 Gilles Enard Gilles; 2nd marriage 1666 Jean Bernard dit Anse, said his name was Anse, 
    Joan De Lahaye, married Philibert Chauvin,
    Elizabeth Doucinet, married Jasques Bédard, 
    Jeanne Dufresne,  married Marin Dalleray
    Adrienne Grandjean, married Rene Baucher dit Sanssoucy, said his name is Sanssoucy,
    Anne Lamarre, married Pierre Duquet dit Delachesnaye,
    Perrine Lapierre,  married Honoré Danis dit Tourangeau,; 2nd marriage 1705 Yves Lucas dit St-Venant
    Élisabeth Leconte, (arrivé 1666) not married yet
    Françoise Lemoine,  married Pierre-René Niquet, 
    Anne Mabille, married Claude  Salois, 
    Marie Martin, married Jean Vallée dit Lavallée
    Mary Martin, married Jean Vallée dit Lavallée, said his name is Lavallee; 2nd marriage 1673 Jacques Charier dit Lafontaine, said his name is Lafontaine
    Marie Meunier, married Jacques Hudde; 2nd marriage 1690 Jean Guillet,
    Marie Montminy (Mont Meeny), (enfant illégitime, Julienne, b-1665), married Noel (Christmas) Rose b-1642; 2nd marriage 1687 François Dumas,
    Marie-Geneviève Plémaret, married Antoine Renaud dit Letambour
    Andrée Remondière, married Thomas Rondeau, 
    Marie Rémy, married Pierre Desautels dit Lapointe
    Anne Rivet, married René Ouellet,
    Catherine Rivet, married Pierre Duchesne dit Lapierre
    Renée Rivière,  married Mathurin Croiset, 
    Suzanne Rousselin,  married Jacques Leblanc
    Marie Roy, married Pierre Pérusseau, 
    Gillette Savard,  married Pierre Filteau, 
    Anne Tavernier, married Robert-Charles Moussion  dit Lamouche
    Marguerite Ténard,  married Charles Boayer, 
    Anne Thomas, married Claude Jodoin; 2nd marriage 1691 Pierre Godambert dit Desjardins, 
    Suzanne Tru,  married Jean Cadou, 
    Catherine Varin,  married Pierre Tessier,

The mission Ste. Famillie, Ile d'Orleans de la Province de Quebec is established this year.

Thirty five marriages, two hundred six births and fifty four deaths are recorded in New France.

(II)-Charles La Tour (1594-1666) dies in Acadia.

Andre Martin, Metis, b-1666, Acadia, son Pierre Martin, b-1631 and Anne Ouestnorouest dit Petitous, b-1644;  (1671 census)

Birth (II)-Michelle Rate, Metis, son (I)-Jacques Rate, (1630-1690) and (II)-Anne Martin, Metis, b-1645. 

An ancestor of the Garneau clan, (II)-Marie Catherine Durand, is born June 4, 1666 at Cap Rouge (Sillery), New France daughter (I)-Jean Durand born 1640 and (II)-Catherine Annennontak (Huronne) born 1649.  (I)-Jean Durand is the son of Louis Durand and Madeleine Malvande of Deuil, Diocese of Saints.

The first Canadian census, by (I)-Jean Talon (1625-1694), showed that 11,448 arpents (1 arpent = 5/6 acre) are under cultivation, there are three thousand one hundred and seven heads of cattle and eight five sheep in all of New France.
    Quebec    555
    Beaupre    678
    Beauport    172
    Ile d'Orleans   471
    St. Jean, St. Francois and St. Michel    156
    Sillery    217
    Notre Dame des Anges and the St. Charles River   118
    Cote de Lauzon  6
    Ville-Marie (Montreal)    584
    Three Rivers   461
       Total       3,418

Others suggest the population count was 3,215; 2,034 men, 1,181 women and 528 married couples.  It is not known if the 1,200 to 2,500 soldiers are included or excluded from the count. 

The Jesuits considered this year as a continuous series of wars with the Iroquois Nation.

King Louis XIV of France restored the fur trade to the inhabitants but they were required to pay a royalty to the Company of The West Indies.

Parish of Charlesbourge aka St. Charles Borromee co de Quebec St. Charles de Charlesbourg is established this year

The parish L'Ange Gardien aka L'Ange Gardien co de Montmorency is established this year.

The parish Sorel aka St. Sillery Pierre de Sorel is established this year.

The parish Ste Famille L.O. aka Ste Famille de I'lle d'Orleans is established this year.

January 6:  Montreal, birth (III)-Catherine Martin Metis daughter  (II)-Charles Martin Metis b-1648 and Catherine Dupuy (1644-1682); 2nd marriage October 6, 1683 Boucherville Marie Attanville b-1645, veuve Jean Fauconnier. 

January 9:   Viceroy de Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, d-1670, and Monsieur de Courcelle (1665-1672) chose January, during the coldest period, as the time to tell the soldiers to attack the Iroquois (Mohawk).  They were not provided with snowshoes, axes or proper equipment.  Sieurs de la Fouille, Maximin and Lobial with their men joined the army.  They had 500 French soldiers and 200 Canadian home guards.  They searched for a month, trying to locate an Iroquois village.  Only 100 would survive, having not fought a single battle nor killed a single Iroquois.  These few survivors are saved because they stumble upon an English settlement.  The Governors invasion is a total disaster.  Others suggest that the Mohawk ambushed the French, killing eleven men and wounding many more. The Mohawk only lost three men and had six wounded.  Others suggest only 60 men died from exposure and hunger by March 17.  The Jesuits claim a number of Iroquois houses were burned and a number of Iroquois were killed on this campaign.  This humiliation, however resulted in the assignment on another 1,300 men to the war effort. 

 January 26:  France or Quebec? Jacques Archambeault (1604-1688) married Marie Denot b-1606, his second or third marriage.  No mention of this marriage by Tanguey,  See 1620

February 7/27, Quebec, birth/death (III)-Marie Delphine Pelletier, Metis, daughter (I)-Jean Pelletier (1631-1739) and (II)-Anne Langlois, Metis, (1637-1704) 

February 20:  During a French assault, 6 Frenchmen fell along with 4 Iroquois and a number of Savages were taken prisoner.  A young half-breed boy was among the captives.  A Dutch commandant asked for the return of the half-breed to his uncle.

March 29: death Michel Guibert, b-1648, a nephew of Jean Chicot, in a brule village of Onoi8tsonnans

April 21:  Quebec, birth, (II)-Marie Durand, Metis, daughter (I)-Jean Durand (1640-1671) and Annennontank, Huronne b-1649, married July 31, 1688, Mathurin Cadau et Cadot (1649-1729).      

May 11:  Ville-Marie (Montreal), birth (II)-Nicolas Gervaise, Metis, (1666-1750), son, (I)- Jean Gervaise (1621-1690), and (II)-Anne Archambault, Metis (1621- 1699); married July 27, 1693 Pointe Aux Trembles de Ville-Marie (Montreal), (II)-Madeleine Peyet, b-1677 daughter (I)-Pierre Payet.

May 24:  Quebec, birth (II)-Jeanne Soumande, Metis, died July 31, 1677, Quebec,  daughter (I)-Pierre Soumande (1619-1689) and (II)-Simone Cote, Metis, b-1637 

May 25:  The Agniehronnons at Fort Sainte Anne, Lake Champlain killed Sieur de Trauersy and Sieur de Chusy.  They took a number of prisoners.  Monsieur Sorl immediately ordered 300 men to dispatch these Savages but a peace envoy met the army 20 leagues from their village with the prisoners and pleaded for peace.

May 25:   A peace treaty with the Seneca in Quebec.

June 24:  Quebec, birth (II)-Joseph Du Bocq, Metis son (I)-Laurent Du Bocq b-1636 and Marie Felix Arontio, Huronne, Sauvagesse.

July 12:   A peace treaty with the Oneidas is reached. 

August 30:  Sillery, birth (III)-Marguerite Pelletier Metis daughter (II)-Francois Pelletier (1635-1688) Metis, and (II)-Marguerite Madeleine Morisseau; married May 7, 1685 Sorel Charles Boucher.

September 14:   Viceroy de Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, d-1670, and Monsieur de Courcelle (1665-1672) began a second attack against the Mohawks, with 1,500 men departing Quebec.

September 18; Quebec, birth (II)-Marie Charlotte Vachon, Metis, daughter (I)-Paul Vachon (1630-1703) and (II)-Marguerite Langlois, Metis (1639-1697);

September 23:  Montreal, birth (II)-Catherine Charron, Metis, daughter (I)-Pierre Charron (1640-1700) and Catherine Pilliar, ou Pilet-Pillard, b-1651?, a Filles du Roi, and Metis or Indian, of New France, baptized March 30, 1646 La Rochelle, France.  DNA analysis 'suggests' she is either Indian or Metis from New France:  married 1st. 1681 Francois Chaghon; married 2nd. 1694 Daniel Tetro..  

September 28:  The Agniehronnons were still defiant so Monsieur de Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy, d-1670, assembled a 1,300 man army to deal with this tribe once and for all.  They assembled at Fort Saint Anne, recently rebuilt by sieur de la Mothe, on an Island of Lake Champlain, about 4 leagues from the outlet. 

October:  The Agniehronnons retreated as the French advanced.  The French therefore destroyed all their villages, corn and bean supplies.  The fields were destroyed if the crops had not been harvested.  This winter is the coldest and longest in 30 years and many Iroquois starved to death. 

October 15:  The French war army reached Mohawk territory, but the Mohawk retreated.  Four Mohawk villages are put to the torch and the land was claimed for Louis XIV.  New France assembles 600 French soldiers, 600 Canadian home guard and 100 Indians to march on the Iroquois.   The Mohawk retreated, and four villages, containing over one hundred long houses, are burnt.  This scorched earth policy, the French believed, humiliates the Iroquois Nation.

November:  It is reported that ten Frenchmen drowned in Lake Champlain.

November 5:   The French army returned to Quebec without engaging the Mohawk.

December 16:   The Sovereign Council abolished the death penalty for selling liquor to the Savages, replacing it with fines. 

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